English original 
Automated Translation: 
 
 
METRO BITS - Unearthing the world's subway highlightsMETRO BITS - Unearthing the world's subway highlights


  



Printer-friendly Printer-friendly






World Metro Database

You might want to start with one of the predefined tables (Basics, Numerics, Features, Complete), then add columns or click to remove a column. Move columns < left or > right. Click headers to sort, click again to reverse sorting direction. Switch unit to miles if desired. Right-click here to bookmark current World Metro Table.

A list like this one and the metro systems that appear in it may always remain somewhat controversial. One reason is that definitions of what a metro is may vary according to whom you ask (a popular definition is here). Differences between commuter rail, metros and trams are increasingly fading as new hybrid trains allow metros to include sections in streets or shared with heavy rail. In other cases, metros have gradually evolved from former tram or rail lines, so it is sometimes difficult to tell the actual length or date of inauguration of the metro system.

Stations* with an asterisk counts each interchange station as one. Passenger numbers are annual. Ticket prices are for 10 km or 10 stops Price of a single ticket for the public transport network (bus, streetcar or metro) for a journey of approx. 10 km/6 miles or at least 10 stops (2009). Only one logo per city is displayed.



Add column after City:   Unit: km mi


#
 City >
<City aka >
<Continent >
<Country >
<System >
<Length >
<Stations >
<Stations* >
<Lines >
<km/stn* >
<km/line >
<stns/line >
<Passengers >
<Pass/km >
<Pass.year >
<Tracks >
<Driverless >
<Rubber-tyred >
<PSDs >
<Driverless since >
<Aircon trains >
<Walk-through
1 AdanaAsiaTurkey8.0 km8811.008.08.0
2 AmsterdamEuropeNetherlandsMetro32.7 km333340.998.28.391 mio.2,783,0002002right
3 AnkaraAsiaTurkeyMetro23.1 km232221.0511.611.5113 mio.4,892,0002007rightmetro line1997
4 AntwerpEuropeBelgiumPremetro7.6 km111120.693.85.5
5 AthensEuropeGreeceMetro52.0 km524831.0817.317.3325 mio.6,250,0002007rightyesyes
6 AtlantaAmericaUSAMARTA79.2 km393822.0839.619.534 mio.429,0001994rightyes
7 BakuAsiaAzerbaijanMetro32.9 km222121.5616.411.0176 mio.5,356,0002007right
8 BaltimoreAmericaUSAMetro Subway24.5 km141411.7524.514.014 mio.571,0002008rightyes
9 BangkokAsiaThailandSkytrain, MRT46.3 km444031.1615.414.7206 mio.4,449,0002007leftGreen lineGreen line, Blue line1999yes
10 BarcelonaEuropeSpainMetro110.5 km152128100.8611.115.2378 mio.3,421,0002008rightunder construction on lines 5, 11, planned for lines 9, 10yesyes
11 BeijingAsiaChinaSubway227.6 km14712591.8225.316.31200 mio.5,274,0002008rightPGDs on underground stations of line 5, PSDs on lines 8, 10recentlyall lines
12 Belo HorizonteAmericaBrazilMetro28.1 km191911.4828.119.0right
13 BerlinEuropeGermanyU-Bahn147.4 km195173100.8514.719.5447 mio.3,033,0002008rightyes
14 BielefeldEuropeGermanyStadtbahn5.2 km7740.741.31.8right
15 BilbaoEuropeSpainMetro40.6 km383821.0720.319.086 mio.2,118,0002008leftyesyes
16 BochumEuropeGermanyStadtbahn21.5 km292720.8010.814.5right
17 BonnEuropeGermanyStadtbahn9.0 km121210.759.012.0right
18 BostonAmericaUSAThe T60.5 km666031.0120.222.0145 mio.2,397,0002007rightyes
19 BrasiliaAmericaBrazilMetro42.0 km232311.8342.023.016 mio.381,0002002right
20 BrusselsEuropeBelgiumMetro32.2 km615930.5510.720.3136 mio.4,224,0002008rightline 1B
21 BucharestEuropeRomaniaMetro67.7 km504341.5716.912.5111 mio.1,640,0001999right
22 BudapestEuropeHungaryMetro33.0 km424030.8311.014.0297 mio.9,000,0002008right
23 Buenos AiresAmericaArgentinaSubte47.5 km766860.707.912.7280 mio.5,895,0002008leftyes
24 BuffaloAmericaUSAMetro Rail8.4 km8811.048.48.0right
25 BursaAsiaTurkey22.5 km232310.9822.523.0
26 BusanAsiaSouth KoreaSubway95.0 km928831.0831.730.7257 mio.2,705,0002008right
27 CairoAfricaEgyptMetro65.5 km555321.2432.827.5700 mio.10,687,0002002left5 stns
28 CaracasAmericaVenezuelaMetro60.5 km504651.3212.110.0510 mio.8,430,0002008yes
29 CataniaEuropeItalyMetro3.8 km6610.633.86.0right
30 ChangchunAsiaChina17.0 km161611.0617.016.0right
31 CharleroiEuropeBelgium17.5 km202040.884.45.0
32 ChennaiMadrasAsiaIndiaMRTS27.0 km171711.5927.017.0
33 ChibaAsiaJapanMonorail15.5 km181820.867.89.0left
34 ChicagoAmericaUSA"L"166.0 km15114481.1520.818.9198 mio.1,193,0002008rightyes
35 ChongqingAsiaChinaMonorail19.5 km181811.0819.518.0rightThe three underground stations (Daping, Linjiangmen, and Jiaochangkou) have PSDsyesyes
36 ClevelandAmericaUSARapid Transit31.0 km181811.7231.018.06 mio.194,0002008right
37 CologneEuropeGermanyStadtbahn45.0 km5151150.883.03.4rightnew light rail trains onlyyes
38 CopenhagenEuropeDenmarkMetro21.0 km222220.9510.511.037 mio.1,762,0002002rightall metro linesall underground stations2002all metro and S-Tog trainsyes
39 DaeguTaeguAsiaSouth KoreaSubway53.9 km565520.9827.028.0110 mio.2,041,0002008
40 DaejeonTaejonAsiaSouth KoreaSubway22.6 km222211.0322.622.029 mio.1,283,0002008
41 DalianAsiaChinaMetro49.0 km121214.0849.012.0right
42 DelhiAsiaIndiaMetro96.2 km838131.1932.127.7310 mio.3,224,0002008leftyes
43 DetroitAmericaUSAPeople Mover4.8 km131310.374.813.0rightdowntown people mover, LIM technology1987yes
44 DnepropetrovskDnipropetrovskEuropeUkraineMetro7.1 km6611.187.16.011 mio.1,549,0002007
45 DortmundEuropeGermanyStadtbahn29.5 km373730.809.812.3rightyes
46 DubaiAsiaUnited Arab EmiratesMetro39.7 km111113.6139.711.0rightmetrometro, monorail2009yesyes
47 DuesseldorfDüsseldorfEuropeGermanyStadtbahn9.6 km141420.684.87.0rightyes
48 DuisburgEuropeGermanyStadtbahn14.3 km131321.107.26.5rightyes
49 EdmontonAmericaCanadaLight Rail13.1 km111111.1913.111.0right
50 EssenEuropeGermanyStadtbahn20.2 km272730.756.79.0rightyes
51 FrankfurtEuropeGermanyU-Bahn20.5 km312730.766.810.3rightyes
52 FukuokaAsiaJapanSubway29.8 km353430.889.911.7124 mio.4,161,0002007leftyes
53 GelsenkirchenEuropeGermanyStadtbahn5.5 km9910.615.59.0right
54 GenoaEuropeItalyMetro5.2 km7710.745.27.0rightyes
55 GlasgowEuropeUnited KingdomSubway10.4 km151510.6910.415.015 mio.1,442,0002008left
56 GuadalajaraAmericaMexicoMetro24.0 km292820.8612.014.5right
57 GuangzhouCantonAsiaChinaMetro148.5 km887951.8829.717.6601 mio.4,047,0002008rightyesyes
58 GwangjuAsiaSouth KoreaSubway20.1 km202011.0120.120.017 mio.846,0002008
59 HaifaAsiaIsraelCarmelit1.8 km6610.291.86.0
60 HamburgEuropeGermanyU-Bahn100.7 km978931.1333.632.3184 mio.1,827,0002007right
61 HanoverEuropeGermanyStadtbahn18.6 km211731.096.27.0rightyes
62 HelsinkiEuropeFinlandMetro21.0 km171711.2421.017.058 mio.2,762,0002008rightyes
63 HiroshimaAsiaJapanMonorail18.4 km212110.8818.421.018 mio.978,0002005left
64 Hong KongAsiaChinaMTR188.1 km958292.2920.910.61309 mio.6,959,0002008leftDisneyland Resort LineSI, WI lines, plannedall underground stations2005yesyes
65 IncheonInchonAsiaSouth KoreaSubway29.5 km292911.0229.529.073 mio.2,475,0002008
66 IstanbulEuropeTurkeyMetro15.0 km101011.5015.010.068 mio.4,533,0002008right
67 IzmirAsiaTurkeyMetro11.5 km101011.1511.510.030 mio.2,609,0002005
68 JacksonvilleAmericaUSASkyway6.9 km6611.156.96.0rightdowntown monorail people mover1989
69 KamakuraAsiaJapanMonorail6.6 km8810.826.68.0left
70 KaohsiungAsiaTaiwanMRT42.7 km373621.1921.418.530 mio.703,0002008MRT
71 KazanEuropeRussiaMetro8.3 km6611.388.36.07 mio.843,0002007right
72 KharkovKharkivEuropeUkraineMetro35.3 km282531.4111.89.3278 mio.7,875,0002007right
73 KievKyivEuropeUkraineMetro59.8 km464331.3919.915.3642 mio.10,736,0002007right
74 KitakyushuAsiaJapanMonorail8.8 km131310.688.813.0leftyes
75 KobeAsiaJapanSubway30.6 km262421.2815.313.0121 mio.3,954,0002008leftPort Liner and Rokko Liner, rubber-tyredPort Liner and Rokko LinerPort Liner and Rokko Liner1981yes
76 KolkataCalcuttaAsiaIndiaMetro Railway22.6 km212111.0822.621.0100 mio.4,425,0002000right
77 Kryvyi RihKrivoy RogEuropeUkraineMetrotram18.0 km121211.5018.012.0
78 Kuala LumpurAsiaMalaysia64.0 km605631.1421.320.0109 mio.1,703,0002008leftLRTKLIA line to airport, Kelana Jaya line's underground stations1996yes
79 KyotoAsiaJapanSubway31.3 km323121.0115.616.0126 mio.4,026,0002008leftTozai lineyes
80 Las VegasAmericaUSAMonorail6.2 km7710.896.27.0rightmonorail2004
81 LausanneEuropeSwitzerlandMetro13.7 km292820.496.814.5line m2line m22008yes
82 LilleEuropeFranceMetro45.5 km626020.7622.831.074 mio.1,626,0002004rightVALyesVAL, all stations1983yes
83 LimaAmericaPeruTren Urbano10.0 km6611.6710.06.0
84 LisbonEuropePortugalMetro41.0 km524640.8910.313.0180 mio.4,390,0002007leftyes
85 LondonEuropeUnited KingdomUnderground408.0 km268268111.5237.124.41197 mio.2,934,0002007leftDocklands Light RailJubilee Line extension1987yes (DLR)
86 Los AngelesAmericaUSAMetro Rail59.3 km303031.9819.810.045 mio.759,0002008rightyes
87 LudwigshafenEuropeGermanyStadtbahn4.0 km111100.36right
88 LyonEuropeFranceMetro30.7 km433940.797.710.8182 mio.5,928,0002004leftline D/Maggaly, rubber-tyred, no PSDsyes1991
89 MadridEuropeSpainMetro284.0 km281231131.2321.821.6686 mio.2,415,0002008leftyesyes
90 ManilaAsiaPhilippinesMRT45.7 km423931.1715.214.0346 mio.7,571,0002008yesyes
91 MaracaiboAmericaVenezuelaMetro6.5 km6611.086.56.0yes
92 MarseilleEuropeFranceMetro19.3 km262420.809.613.058 mio.3,005,0002004rightyes
93 MedellinMedellínAmericaColombiaMetro28.8 km262521.1514.413.0155 mio.5,382,0002008
94 Mexico CityAmericaMexicoMetro201.7 km175147111.3718.315.91460 mio.7,238,0002008rightyes
95 MiamiAmericaUSAMetrorail36.0 km222211.6436.022.019 mio.528,0002008rightdowntown people mover, rubber-tyredDowntown people mover1986yes
96 MilanEuropeItalyMetro74.6 km888430.8924.929.3328 mio.4,397,0002007rightyesyes
97 MinskEuropeBelarusMetro30.3 km252421.2615.112.5262 mio.8,647,0002007right
98 MonterreyAmericaMexicoMetro31.5 km323121.0215.816.0rightyes
99 MontrealMontréalAmericaCanadaMetro69.2 km736841.0217.318.3219 mio.3,165,0002006rightyes
100 MoscowEuropeRussiaMetro298.8 km180144122.0724.915.02573 mio.8,611,0002008right
101 MulheimMülheimEuropeGermanyStadtbahn9.0 km131220.754.56.5right
102 MumbaiBombayAsiaIndiaSuburban Railway171.0 km737352.3434.214.6
103 MunichEuropeGermanyU-Bahn92.5 km1009460.9815.416.7349 mio.3,773,0002008rightyes
104 NagoyaAsiaJapanSubway89.0 km938241.0922.323.3427 mio.4,798,0002008leftTobu Kyuryo maglev lineTobu Kyuryo maglev line2005yes
105 NahaAsiaJapanMonorail12.8 km151510.8512.815.0left
106 NanjingAsiaChinaMetro21.7 km161611.3621.716.0102 mio.4,700,0002008right
107 NaplesEuropeItalyMetro31.8 km302831.1410.610.029 mio.912,0002006left
108 New YorkNew York CityAmericaUSASubway368.0 km468422270.8713.617.31624 mio.4,413,0002008rightplanned for new Second Avenue Lineyes
109 NewarkAmericaUSASubway2.2 km4410.552.24.0right
110 NewcastleEuropeUnited KingdomTyne & Wear Metro76.5 km615021.5338.330.538 mio.497,0002006left
111 Nizhny NovgorodGorkyEuropeRussiaMetro15.5 km141321.197.87.033 mio.2,129,0002007right
112 NovosibirskAsiaRussiaMetro14.3 km131221.197.26.570 mio.4,895,0002007right
113 NurembergEuropeGermanyU-Bahn34.6 km464430.7911.515.392 mio.2,659,0001997rightlines U2, U3, no PSDs, sharing tracks with driver-operated trains2008yes
114 OportoPortoEuropePortugalMetro21.7 km151421.5510.97.5rightyesyes
115 OsakaAsiaJapanSubway137.8 km13310491.3315.314.8860 mio.6,241,0002008leftNanko Port Town Line, rubber-tyredNanko Port Town Lineall stations on the Nanko Port Town Line1981yes
116 OsloEuropeNorwayT-Bane62.0 km727250.8612.414.464 mio.1,032,0002005rightyes
117 Palma de MallorcaEuropeSpainMetro8.3 km9910.928.39.0
118 ParisEuropeFranceMetro213.0 km380300160.7113.323.81473 mio.6,915,0002008right (metro), left (RER)line 14/Météor, rubber-tyredlines 1, 4, 6, 11, 14all stations on line 14, under construction on line 131998lines 1, 14
119 PerugiaEuropeItalyMinimetro3.0 km7710.433.07.0
120 PhiladelphiaAmericaUSASubway62.0 km666231.0020.722.067 mio.1,081,0002008rightyes
121 PittsburghAmericaUSAThe T1.5 km3310.481.53.0right
122 Porto AlegreAmericaBrazilMetro33.8 km171711.9933.817.0right
123 PoznanEuropePoland6.1 km6611.026.16.0
124 PragueEuropeCzech RepublicMetro59.1 km575431.0919.719.0597 mio.10,102,0002008rightyes
125 PyongyangAsiaNorth KoreaMetro22.5 km161521.5011.38.035 mio.1,556,0002006
126 RecifeAmericaBrazilMetro39.7 km302821.4219.915.0right
127 RennesEuropeFranceMetro9.0 km151510.609.015.023 mio.2,556,0002004rightVALyesVAL2002yes
128 Rio de JaneiroAmericaBrazilMetro42.0 km343421.2421.017.0135 mio.3,214,0002006rightyes
129 RomeEuropeItalyMetro39.0 km494820.8119.524.5331 mio.8,487,0002008leftyesyes
130 RotterdamEuropeNetherlandsMetro47.0 km383721.2723.519.085 mio.1,809,0002006right
131 RouenEuropeFranceMetro2.2 km5510.442.25.0
132 Saint LouisAmericaUSAMetrolink73.4 km373721.9836.718.5right
133 Saint PetersburgLeningradEuropeRussiaMetro110.2 km635552.0022.012.6832 mio.7,550,0002007rightwindowless steel doors in ten stations
134 SamaraEuropeRussiaMetro10.2 km9911.1310.29.012 mio.1,176,0002007right
135 San FranciscoAmericaUSABART166.9 km434353.8833.48.6100 mio.599,0002007rightyes
136 San JuanAmericaPuerto RicoTren Urbano17.2 km161611.0817.216.09 mio.523,0002008
137 SantiagoSantiago de ChileAmericaChileMetro83.0 km938650.9716.618.6642 mio.7,735,0002008rightyes
138 Santo DomingoAmericaDominican RepublicMetro14.5 km161610.9114.516.0
139 Sao PauloAmericaBrazilMetro61.3 km585541.1115.314.5684 mio.11,158,0002008rightlines 4, 5, and regional rail
140 SapporoAsiaJapanSubway48.0 km494631.0416.016.3209 mio.4,354,0002008leftyes
141 SeattleAmericaUSALight Rail22.2 km121211.8522.212.0rightyes
142 SendaiAsiaJapanSubway14.8 km171710.8714.817.058 mio.3,919,0002008leftyes
143 SeoulAsiaSouth KoreaSubway286.9 km348298100.9628.734.82048 mio.7,138,0002008rightlines 2 and 9, planned for all lines by 2010yesyes
144 SevilleSevillaEuropeSpainMetro18.0 km212110.8618.021.0Line 1
145 ShanghaiAsiaChinaMetro334.0 km230194101.7233.423.01122 mio.3,359,0002008rightnewer line 4 stations and refitted line 1 stationsyes
146 ShenyangMukdenAsiaChinaMetro22.2 km181811.2322.218.0right
147 ShenzhenAsiaChinaMetro25.3 km232221.1512.611.573 mio.2,885,0002005rightyesyes
148 SingaporeAsiaSingaporeMRT118.9 km766941.7229.719.0571 mio.4,802,0002007leftNorth-East MTR line and 3 rubber-tyred LRT linesLRT lines2003yesyes
149 SofiaEuropeBulgariaMetro18.0 km141411.2918.014.051 mio.2,833,0002008right
150 StockholmEuropeSwedenTunnelbana105.7 km10410031.0635.234.7303 mio.2,867,0002007left
151 StuttgartEuropeGermanyStadtbahn24.0 km191721.4112.09.5rightyes
152 SydneyOceaniaAustraliaCityrail22.1 km141431.587.44.7leftyes
153 TaipeiAsiaTaiwanMRT90.6 km858081.1311.310.6450 mio.4,967,0002008rightMuzha line, VALyesMuzha line VAL MRT1996yesyes
154 TamaAsiaJapanMonorail16.0 km191910.8416.019.0leftyes
155 TashkentAsiaUzbekistanMetro36.2 km292631.3912.19.771 mio.1,961,0002007right
156 TbilisiAsiaGeorgiaMetro26.3 km222121.2513.111.092 mio.3,498,0002007right
157 TehranAsiaIranMetro50.5 km474431.1516.815.7353 mio.6,990,0002007yes
158 The HagueEuropeNetherlandsRandstadRail27.9 km303030.939.310.0right
159 TianjinAsiaChinaMetro72.0 km373721.9536.018.515 mio.208,0001993rightplatform gate doorsyes
160 TokyoAsiaJapanMetro304.5 km290205131.4923.422.33174 mio.10,424,0002008leftYurikamome Waterfront line, rubber-tyredYurikamome lineMarunouchi, Mita, Namboku, Yurikamome lines1995yesyes
161 TorontoAmericaCanadaSubway71.3 km746941.0317.818.5278 mio.3,899,0002006rightyes
162 ToulouseEuropeFranceMetro27.5 km383720.7413.819.042 mio.1,527,0002004rightVALyesVAL1993yes
163 TurinEuropeItalyMetro9.6 km141410.699.614.0rightVALyesVAL2006yesyes
164 ValenciaAmericaVenezuelaMetro6.2 km7710.896.27.018 mio.2,903,0002008
165 ValenciaEuropeSpainMetro31.8 km383730.8610.612.7
166 ValparaisoAmericaChileMetro43.0 km202012.1543.020.0right
167 VancouverAmericaCanadaSky Train69.5 km494731.4823.216.374 mio.1,065,0002008rightSkytrain, LIM technology, currently the world's longest automated system1986yesyes
168 ViennaEuropeAustriaU-Bahn69.8 km968450.8314.019.2498 mio.7,135,0002008rightyesyes
169 VolgogradStalingradEuropeRussiaMetro3.3 km2211.653.32.0
170 WarsawEuropePolandMetro22.6 km212111.0822.621.0114 mio.5,044,0002007right
171 WashingtonAmericaUSAMetrorail171.2 km908651.9934.218.0215 mio.1,256,0002008rightyes
172 WuhanAsiaChinaMetro10.2 km101011.0210.210.0right
173 WuppertalEuropeGermanySchwebebahn13.3 km202010.6713.320.0right
174 YekaterinburgEkaterinburgAsiaRussiaMetro8.5 km7711.218.57.046 mio.5,412,0002007right
175 YerevanErevanAsiaArmeniaMetro12.1 km101011.2112.110.017 mio.1,405,0002007right
176 YokohamaAsiaJapanSubway57.6 km484531.2819.216.0198 mio.3,438,0002008leftKanazawa Seaside line, LRT, rubber-tyredKanazawa Seaside LRTKanazawa Seaside LRT line1989yes


Numerical data (except ridership) by Jordi Serradell 1/2010. Ridership data by John Kennes 10/2009. Ticket prices by UBS: Prices and Earnings (PDF, p. 20) 2009. Non-numerical data by Mike Rohde 1/2010.




Feedback

Please provide a source for your facts.







Bookmark and Share

This page: http://mic-ro.com/metro/table.html?feat=CIANCNCOSNLGSTSSLILSLLSLAPPLPYTRDRRUPDDYACWT&orderby;=CI&sort;=ASC&unit;=&status;=
Would you like to discuss this page or do you know of more facts that would fit in here? Visit Metro Bits Forum. Thanks to all who have already contributed!

© 2004-2010 metrobits.org


HomeFact SheetsWorld Metro DatabaseMetro Arts & ArchitectureMetro LogosResources About

 

Adana Algiers Amsterdam Ankara Antwerp Athens Atlanta Baku Baltimore Bangkok Barcelona Beijing Belo Horizonte Berlin Bielefeld Bilbao Bochum Bonn Boston Brasilia Brussels Bucharest Budapest Buenos Aires Buffalo Bursa Busan Cairo Caracas Catania Changchun Charleroi Chengdu Chennai Chiba Chicago Chongqing Cleveland Cologne Copenhagen Daegu Daejeon Dalian Delhi Detroit Dnepropetrovsk Dortmund Dubai Duesseldorf Duisburg Edmonton Essen Frankfurt Fukuoka Gelsenkirchen Genoa Glasgow Guadalajara Guangzhou Gwangju Haifa Hamburg Hangzhou Hanover Helsinki Hiroshima Hong Kong Incheon Istanbul Izmir Jacksonville Kamakura Kaohsiung Kazan Kharkov Kiev Kitakyushu Kobe Kolkata Kryvyi Rih Kuala Lumpur Kyoto Las Vegas Lausanne Lille Lima Lisbon London Los Angeles Ludwigshafen Lyon Madrid Manila Maracaibo Marseille Medellin Mexico City Miami Milan Minsk Monterrey Montreal Moscow Mulheim Mumbai Munich Nagoya Naha Nanjing Naples New York Newark Newcastle Nizhny Novgorod Novosibirsk Nuremberg Oporto Osaka Oslo Palma de Mallorca Paris Perugia Philadelphia Pittsburgh Porto Alegre Poznan Prague Pyongyang Recife Rennes Rio de Janeiro Rome Rotterdam Rouen Saint Louis Saint Petersburg Samara San Francisco San Juan Santiago Santo Domingo Sao Paulo Sapporo Seattle Sendai Seoul Seville Shanghai Shenyang Shenzhen Singapore Sofia Stockholm Stuttgart Suzhou Sydney Taipei Tama Tashkent Tbilisi Tehran The Hague Tianjin Tokyo Toronto Toulouse Turin Valencia Valencia Valparaiso Vancouver Vienna Volgograd Warsaw Washington Wuhan Wuppertal Yekaterinburg Yerevan Yokohama